BUIL09 - EVALUATE THE PERFORMANCE OF HOSTEL FACILITIES IN UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN

CHAPTER ONE

1.0       Introduction

In broad term, housing is defined by Bourne (1981) as a bundle of services, a view which recognizes that housing involves the consumption of neighbourhood services that is, parks and schools, a location (accessibility to job and amenities), and the proximity of certain types of neighbors (a social environment). Housing is a highly complex product as well as a facilitator of economic and social processes. With reference to the former, the PRC Report (1980) observes that it comprises shelter (for protection and privacy), environmental services (water supply, waste disposal, etc), access to employment opportunities (such as commercial activities), personal security (for safety), special services (such as health care and education) and living space (for recreation and domestic activities). In line with the latter conception of housing, Turner (1976) describes housing as the ways and means by which housing goods and services are provided by human actions through housing construction or investment in order for housing to confer the various benefits and provide different facilities for users –the individual, households and the nation.

            Student on – on campus housing, can equally be described as a process in the sense that it involves the construction of new dwellings and the various associated activities such as land acquisition, finance, building materials, etc. As an asset, students on – campus housing ‘form the bulk of the higher institutions built environment thereby representing the largest facility asset that an institution may have’ (Amole, 1997). Thus, student on – campus housing is not only shelter, but comprises the immediate environment and other economic and social activities that are sympathetic to academic work. Many scholars hold the belief that there should be close proximity between the living and learning environment in order to produce intellectuals that are socially integrated (Amole, 1997).

            Housing constitutes not only a basic human need but also a vital component of man's welfare, life sustenance and survival (Bello & Bello 2006). In the hierarchy of man's needs, housing has been ranked second to food. It is believed to have a profound influence on health, efficiency, social behaviour satisfaction and general welfare of the community (Onibokun 1982). For housing to produce these impacts, it must be adequately provided with functional infrastructure and facilities. Akanbi (2004) stated that the increase in population of a country also creates an increase in the need for housing.

            Though, not many studies exist on facilities management efficiency in Nigeria which may be due to the behavior of people showing indifference and adapting to the general poor performance of social services (Yewande et al 2010), literature for this current attempt was drawn from not only Facilities management but also from the field of property management. Ho et al (2006) empirically tested the relationship between building management regimes and the conditions of private apartment buildings in Hong Kong. The paper developed an assessment scheme to assess the health and safety conditions of 134 apartment buildings. Multiple regression models were employed to analyze the effect of building management regimes on building conditions and the optimal functional form of the regression models was selected using Box-Cox transformation. The empirical results of the study suggested that the presence of incorporated owners and property management agents (PMA) are significant factors in enhancing building conditions. The authors concluded that the empirical results would assist building owners in determining which management regimes to adopt should they want better building conditions. The government may also consider giving more support to owners by incorporating them and employing PMAs to create a pleasant living environment for society. The authors had a robust study on property management; however, it was at the neglect of facility management.

1.2       Statement of the Problem

One of the major factors behind student accommodation problems all over the world is the ever – increasing number of students. In London, for instance, Tabet (1971) reported that traditional halls of residence have been provided in considerable numbers but they have not kept pace with the growth of the student population. The situation was not different in the rest of England and Wales. According to Morgan and McDowell (1979), it would appear that the provision of accommodation in all sectors of higher education the expansion of the student population. This is because majority of students study far away from home.

For most students going away to higher institution is their first real introduction to adult social life, free from the constraints of parental control, neighbourhood and family ties. It was therefore, the opinion of these scholars that the significance and educational benefits attached to on – campus residence have reinforced, the increasing common practice among students to study away from home. In Nigeria, a prototype of a developing country, the case is not different. The work of Ohiagbunem (1984) indicated that the problem of student population and shortage of funds – the student population continues to grow without a corresponding growth in hostel facilities.

1.3        Research Questions

       a.            How adequate are the performance of hostel facilities in various hostels in the University of Ibadan?

      b.            What are the factors affecting the performance of hostel facilities in University Ibadan?

       c.            What is the level of maintenance of these available hostel facilities?

      d.            What are the probable solutions required for the hostel facilities in the University of Ibadan?

1.4       Aim of the Study  

The aim of this study is evaluate the performance of hostel facilities in university of Ibadan­.

1.5       Objectives of the Study

       a.            To determine how adequate are the hostel facilities in various hostels in the University of Ibadan.

      b.            To investigate the factors affecting the performance of hostel facilities in University Ibadan.

       c.            To access the level of maintenance of these available facilities.

      d.            To proffer adequate solutions required for the Hostel facilities in the University of  Ibadan.

1.6       Significance of the Study

Many scholars hold the belief that there should be close proximity between the living and learning environment in order to produce intellectuals that are socially integrated. One of the major factors behind student accommodation problems all over the world is the ever – increasing number of students. In London, for instance the traditional halls of residence have been provided in considerable numbers but they have not kept pace with the growth of the student population. The situation was not different in the rest of England and Wales. It would appear that the provision of accommodation in all sectors of higher education the expansion of the student population. This is because majority of students study far away from home. For most students going away to higher institution is their first real introduction to adult social life, free from the constraints of parental control, neighbourhood and family ties. It was therefore, the opinion of these scholars that the significance and educational benefits attached to on – campus residence have reinforced, the increasing common practice among students to study away from home. In Nigeria, a prototype of a developing country, the case is not different. The work of Ohiagbunem (1984) indicated that the problem of student population and shortage of funds – the student population continues to grow without a corresponding growth in hostel facilities.

1.7       Scope and Limitation of the Study

This scope of this study will be on performance evaluation of hostel facilities in university of Ibadan; and it will be limited to the Hostel in the University of Ibadan.

1.8       Research Methodology

The methodology to be used in carrying out this study are:

a. Literature review of past study, journals, articles, textbook e.t.c.

b. Field work will also be use like preparing questionnaires in line with the aim and objectives and interview.

1.8.1    Research Design

In this research, survey design will be adopted for this study and will be done in other to collect a valid data.

1.8.2    Population of the Study

The targeted population for this will be basically on student that resides in university of Ibadan hostel.

1.8.3.   Sampling Techniques

The technique of the study will be random sampling so as not to be bias about the data collection.

 1.8.4. Sampling Size

Sampling size for this study will be 120 and this will be done across all the  hall of residence in the institution.

1.8.5.   Instrument for Data Collection

Data will be collected using a well-structured questionnaire which will be sectioned based on the objectives.

1.8.6.   Data Analysis

Data will be analyzed using various tools as applied with the aid of statistical package for the social science

1.8.7    Data Collection

The data for this research work would be collected with the use of a structured questionnaires method. The questionnaires consist of three sections in which the respondents are expected to give answers to questions. The first section deals with Basic Information, and the other parts deals with the variable with references to the research question which will enable the researcher to know the opinion of the respondents.

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