BUIL13 - INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF LUFFA CYLINDRICA (KANAKAN AYABA) ON THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH IF CONCRETE

CHAPTER ONE

1.0       INTRODUCTION

The development of new materials includes the so-called composites, which are a combination of different materials (fiber, metals, ceramics, etc.) with improved properties than those of constituent materials. The properties of composites depend on several parameters, including concentration and distribution of the constituent materials Kaewtatip (2012). The fiber concrete is a composite material consisting of a fiberic material and a ceramic one. The first one, called matrix, is a continuous medium which provides ductility and toughness to the composite. Unsaturated polyester resins and epoxy resins are commonly used for fiber concrete elaboration; nevertheless depending on the final properties different of fiber as reinforcements, whiskers or particles have been used. Sometimes such reinforcements are strongly bound to the matrix Boynard, (2003). The inclusion of natural fibers as reinforcement of composite materials has been studied extensively in the last decade. Currently about 30 million of tones of natural fibers are produced by yearly around the world. The current interest for using such fibers is based on the environmental preservation; there is great interest for replacing synthetic fibers for natural ones Altinisik (2010), Ghali (2011), Demir (2008). Special attention for natural fibers has been captured by researchers. One of them is luffa fibers due to its physicochemical properties.
This is composed primarily of cellulose (55%), hemicellulose (30%) and lignin (15%); Luffa comes from the cucurbitacea (subtropical plant), which produces a fruit with a fibrous vascular system, having sizes between 15 cm and 1.5 m, and an average diameter of 8-10 cm Boynard (2000)., Tanobe (2005). It is abundant in China, Japan and other countries in Asia, as well as in Central and South America Satyanarayana (2009), Bal (2004)., Shen (2012), Siqueira (2010)., Oboh (2009). When fibers are added to fiber concrete several properties are modified, including compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, fatigue and impact resistance, thermal stability and fire resistance Satyanarayana (2009), Khan (2006), Saw (2013).

1.2       Statement of the Problem

To reduce environmental pollution and reduce cost of concrete production  

1.4       Aims of the study                                                                              

The aim of this work is to investigation of the effect of Luffa Cylindrica (Kankan Ayaba) on the compressive strength of concrete, this helps to determine the effectiveness and how Luffa Cylindrical (Kankan Ayaba) can be actively used in concrete production.

1.5       Objectives of the study

a.       To determine the compressive strength of concrete with Luffa Cylindrica.

b.      To determine the water absorption of concrete with Luffa Cylindrica.

1.6       SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study is to investigate the effect of Luffa Cylindrical (Kankan Ayaba) on concrete.

1.7       Research Methods

The investigation was base on experimental method that is every material used was weighed an the test was carried out in the laboratory.it was tested for 7, 21 and 28 days in order to know the strength and the effects of Luffa cylindrica on concrete, the mixing was done manually and it was placed in side the formwork of size 150 x 150 x 150 mm and vibrated after the placement of Luffa cylindrica this was done by dividing it into layers.

1.6       Significance of Study

The interest of many research groups regarding manufacture of composite materials by using natural fibers is increasing world-wide. The main objectives involve the improvement of mechanical properties, mainly those related to elasticity. The effects of natural fibers on the mechanical properties. The study shall determine at the end, the compressive strength, water absorption effect on concrete.

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